The District of Kitimat and the Haisla Nation have taken the first step toward establishing a comprehensive extreme temperature response plan with the release of a comprehensive risk mapping and assessment report. Presented to council at their Sept. 3 regular meeting, the report is designed to help the region prepare for increasing periods of extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, and serves as a foundation for the development of detailed response strategies.
Councillors Mario Feldhoff and Terry Marleau both spoke to the quality of the report. “I’m comforted by our ability as a community to respond to extreme weather,” Feldhoff said, reflecting on the report’s findings.
Climate modelling reveals that Kitimat and surrounding areas will face significant increases in extreme temperature events, including more frequent freeze-thaw patterns, which could impact infrastructure. It also indicates that Ktimat is projected to see more days with a humidex over 30°C by 2050, when outdoor activities should be moderated due to health risks like heat stress and heat-related illnesses
Cold extremes are also a concern, posing increased risks for individuals with chronic illnesses, such as cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disorders. These risks are heightened by the region’s ageing population,“Cold weather can constrict blood vessels, raise blood pressure, and strain the cardiovascular system,” the report notes, which could lead to complications for those with conditions such as hypertension and heart disease.
Housing emerged as a critical factor in the report's assessment of vulnerability to extreme temperatures. Many homes were built during the town's initial development in the 1950s, and 39 per cent of these dwellings were constructed before 1960. As a result, much of the housing lacks modern insulation and efficient heating or cooling systems, which leaves residents more exposed during periods of extreme heat or cold.
Many rental units, including older apartment buildings, are also in need of major repairs, and landlords often limit heating use and upgrades.
Kitamaat Village faces similar challenges, with many older properties that lack adequate insulation or heating systems, increasing the risk for residents during extreme temperature events.
One of the key objectives of the project was to identify vulnerable communities and populations most exposed to these temperature risks. The report found that areas experiencing severe temperature fluctuations overlap with those home to the elderly and individuals with pre-existing health conditions. The report stated, “Kitimat’s aging population and high rates of chronic conditions such as asthma, COPD, and cardiovascular diseases are expected to increase pressure on healthcare services during extreme temperature events.”
Despite these challenges, the report provides some positive news about community resilience. Kitimat’s design, with its green spaces, parks, and proximity to water bodies, helps mitigate the effects of the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon. The report also found that critical infrastructure in Kitimat and Kitamaat Village, including cooling and heating centres, is well-positioned to support residents during extreme events. The area’s strong culture of preparedness, particularly in response to heavy snowfall and rain, further supports its resilience to future weather challenges.
The finalized Extreme Temperature Response Plan, which will build on the findings of the risk mapping, is expected to be presented at a future council meeting. Recommendations in the report include infrastructure improvements, public awareness campaigns, and enhanced emergency response plans to ensure both communities are well-prepared for the climate challenges ahead.
